EIRP Proceedings, Vol 4 (2009)

Abstract

2008 crisis in establishing a benchmark to actuarially measure the cyber-risk of hack attacks electronic identity theft, and other forms of related e-risk, banks combined information security standards with principals of risk management that include e-system analyses, avoidance, control and e-risks transfer. Certification authorities are in 2008 seven global financial institutions that are ABN, Bank of America, Deutsche Bank, Barclays, Chase, Citigroup and Hypoverens Bank. Technology must offer unique ways of authenticating such digital time stamps that utilise satellite with GPS must identify position of losses adding value to a contract documents.